Board Structure Models

How a board is structured affects the health and effectiveness of the school. Gerald describes four broad models and practical practices that help any model function well.

1. Operational — Board runs day-to-day details; strong control, risk of micromanagement and limited long-term focus.

2. Managerial — Board plans ahead and delegates but stays closely involved; needs skilled chair and principal.

3. Traditional / Representative — Board represents the community; heavy use of committees; principal often reports through the chair.

4. Policy / Governance — Board sets policy and goals, delegates operations, holds the principal accountable; clear but can become disconnected from daily life.

Additional practices that strengthen any model:

• Clear term lengths and roles (including a vice-chair).

• Good minutes, agendas, and Robert’s Rules.

• Updated policy manual.

• Financial responsibility and creative support for teachers.

• Principal present in board meetings.

• Crystal-clear role definition between board, principal, and committees.

Presented by Gerald Miller at CASBI 2026, Strasburg Mennonite Church, Strasburg, Virginia.